Amines

AMINE CHECKLIST

(what you must know before the exam)

Basicity of amines

Candidates should be able to:

(a)   explain the basicity of amines in terms of proton

acceptance by the nitrogen lone pair;

(b)     describe the reactions of amines with acids to

form salts;

Comparison of basicity of different amines

not required.

Preparation of amines

(c)    describe the preparation of:

(i) aliphatic amines by substitution of

halogenoalkanes with excess ethanolic

ammonia,

(ii) aromatic amines by reduction of

nitroarenes using tin and concentrated

hydrochloric acid;

Synthesis of azo dyes

(d)   describe the synthesis of an azo dye by reaction

of an aromatic amine with nitrous acid (<10 °C),

with formation of a diazonium ion, followed by

coupling with a phenol under alkaline conditions

(e)   state the use of reactions, such as (d), in the

              formation of dyestuffs.